Disturbances in atrial conduction or rhythm, or both, were found in 16 of 27 patients undergoing the surgical creation of an atrial septal defect by the Blalock ... atrial size secondary to the ...

Read on to learn more about nocturia, its causes, symptoms, treatment, and prevention strategies. Nocturia is a fairly common symptom of pregnancy. It can develop at the beginning of pregnancy ...

While some causes of itchy mouth can be mild, others can be life threatening. Read on to learn more. While itchy mouth symptoms can remain mild and never progress past your mouth or head ...

Conclusions Phase-contrast cine MR images acquired in the plane of an ASD define the defect shape by the cross section of the shunt flow stream and allow noninvasive determination of defect size with ...

There are few topics in adult congenital heart disease as persistently debated as the management of atrial septal defects (ASDs). The paper by Jemielity and colleagues in this issue ofHeart ...

The inflammatory process both reduces collagen synthesis by inhibiting the smooth muscle cell and causes its death by apoptosis. Macrophages also produce a wide range of metalloproteinases capable of ...