Ascertainment bias can make estimation ... of maximum likelihood conditioned on the mating type of the parents. Testing of specific hypotheses is also possible by a likelihood ratio test.

Then, maximum likelihood estimation is performed under the constraint ... When a Type 3 analysis is requested, PROC GENMOD produces a table that contains the likelihood ratio statistics, degrees of ...

Note that this is not in general a likelihood-based method of estimation, so that inferences based on likelihoods ... models the association between pairs of responses with log odds ratios, instead of ...