The role of IgG4 in the pathogenesis of IgG4-related disease remains unclear, particularly regarding whether IgG4 actively induces histopathological changes or if its elevation is merely a byproduct ...

Stent omission after ureteroscopy for a small uncomplicated renal stone appears safe and preferable for patients. Stent omission after ureteroscopy, even with the use of a ureteral access sheath ...

Introduction: With growing role of minimally invasive surgery, laparoscopic ureteral reimplantation (LUR) and robotic ureteral reimplantation (RALUR) have gained popularity in pediatric vesicoureteral ...

Purpose: To compare the external validation of four existing scoring systems for encrusted ureteral stents (EUS) and their relationship with stent indwelling time, stone-free rates, multiple surgery ...