The role of IgG4 in the pathogenesis of IgG4-related disease remains unclear, particularly regarding whether IgG4 actively induces histopathological changes or if its elevation is merely a byproduct ...

In patients with renal insufficiency associated with increased hemoglobin levels and polycythemia, the possibilities of recombinant erythropoietin overdosing and disorders such as neoplasms and ...

Hydronephrosis: Where one or both kidneys fill up with urine ... kidney diseases or UPJ (ureteropelvic junction obstruction is a blockage where the kidney meets the ureter), causing the urine to flow ...

In UPJ obstruction, the kidney makes urine faster than it can be drained through the renal pelvis into the ureter. This causes urine to pool in the kidney, which leads to kidney swelling ...

Eligibility criteria included high-risk upper tract urothelial carcinoma (defined as high-grade upper tract urothelial carcinoma confirmed by endoscopic biopsy or urinary cytology, radiographic ...

This increased water reaches the kidney and starts producing more urine, which eventually goes into the ureter. The ureter is the tube that connects the kidney to the bladder. It is about 25 ...

Stent omission after ureteroscopy for a small uncomplicated renal stone appears safe and preferable for patients. Stent omission after ureteroscopy, even with the use of a ureteral access sheath ...

The Card My Coworkers Made Me After Being Hospitalized From Sepsis, Pyelonephritis, And Hydronephrosis Due To A Kidney Stone Causing A Complete Obstruction Of My Ureter 17.