Adaptive systems were supposed to simplify decision-making. Instead of hard-coded rules, engineers built models that could learn from data, respond to change, and improve over time. That promise still ...

A router is used to supervise network traffic and find the best route from source to destination in a network. In this paper, the authors survey the public presentation between two adaptive routing ...

Ad hoc network is a collection of mobile nodes which dynamically form a temporary network without any infrastructure or centralize entity. There are number of routing protocol exists in ad hoc network ...

Routing algorithms and optimisation techniques are fundamental to the evolution of Very Large-Scale Integration (VLSI) design. As chip complexity increases, the need to efficiently connect millions of ...