Moments after the Big Bang, the universe was unimaginably hot, dense, and filled with freely moving quarks and gluons. This ...

String theory began over 50 years ago as a way to understand the strong nuclear force ... go back in time to the earliest moments of the Big Bang or had enough funding to build a particle collider ...

At long last, a unified theory combining gravity with the other fundamental forces—electromagnetism and the strong and weak nuclear forces ... on an answer: the Big Bang.

Like all particles governed by a quantum field theory, the way that the strong nuclear force works is through the exchange of particles. Unlike gravitation or electromagnetism, however ...

Researchers seek to answer questions such as how the universe evolved just after the Big Bang from ... experimental research in nuclear physics. Physicists in this field explore the nature of the ...

Weinberg’s work helped physicists understand how the strong nuclear force emerges from the strong force. It also made it possible for them to perform theoretical calculations based on the usual method ...

Of course, there’s the force of gravity, which keeps us from floating out of our seats. There’s also the strong ... weak nuclear forces. Physicists now understand that at some point in the fractions ...

At long last, a unified theory combining gravity with the other fundamental forces -- electromagnetism and the strong and weak nuclear forces ... holes and the Big Bang,' he says.

“This transition amplifies the problems [with the theory] that in other situations are not so relevant,” van Kolck said. The Strong Nuclear Force Atomic ... bars were too big for her to ...