South Africa has an extensive medium-voltage overhead line electric distribution network supported mainly by wood poles. The predominant voltage is 22 kV between phases. Some of the lines traverse ...
Lightning is one of the major causes of poor performance by medium-voltage overhead lines in distribution networks. On some Eskom medium-voltage networks, for example, up to 78% of equipment failures ...
Lightning discharges to overhead transmission networks induce rapid voltage surges that propagate along conductors and may compromise network stability, equipment integrity and safety. These ...
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