Native SPICE elements that accurately replicate an op amp’s real-world behavior were nonexistent. A transconductance sourcing current from the rails and transitioning to a resistive state as the ...

When used with other blocks and modules, a new approach to modeling operational-amplifier output impedance behavior can provide a more realistic overall behavioral model. Simulating the behavior of a ...

Op amps. Often the first thing that many learn about when beginning the journey into analog electronics, they’re used in countless ways in an overwhelmingly large array of circuits. When we think ...

Editor’s note: My good friend and long-time colleague, Michael Steffes, expands upon my introduction article, Rauch filter basics, and adds some very useful and practical insights into the Rauch ...

The first installment of this article series discussed the need to verify SPICE model accuracy and how to measure the open- and closed-loop small-signal AC output impedance of operational amplifier ...

In the last Circuit VR we looked at some basic op amp circuits in a simulator, including the non-inverting amplifier. Sometimes you want an amplifier that inverts the signal. That is a 5V input ...