Musée National du Château de Fontainebleau, Wikimedia Commons // Public Domain The French emperor Napoleon Bonaparte arguably did more for the Revolution and the Enlightenment than Robespierre ...

France was the powerhouse of Europe. It had the continent’s biggest population, a large overseas empire and had become the hub of the Enlightenment. But the country was to be transformed and engulfed ...

The hyperelitist world of prerevolutionary France fostered resentment among writers excluded from salons and high society.

Inspired by Enlightenment principles and emboldened ... and the event is now remembered as one of the pivotal events of the French Revolution. Over the 10 years of upheaval that followed, France ...

In the 18th century, as democratic revolutions undergirded by Enlightenment ... see the means as justified. The French grappled with this issue in the wake of revolution in 1789 as they worked ...

and the outbreak of the French Revolution in 1789. By placing so much stress on the failures and falterings of the Enlightenment, the author seems to be viewing it through the lens of current ...