Error correction occurs in decoding because there are only limited legal states available at any node on the graph. When the bit stream contains an illegal code, the decoder knows an error occurred.

Written for you by our author Tejasri Gururaj, edited by Gaby Clark, and fact-checked and reviewed by Robert Egan —this article is the result of careful human work. We rely on readers like you to keep ...

Error Correcting Code (ECC) technology, such as Low-Density Parity Check codes, has been around longer than most of you reading this have been alive. The reason is ...