Advances in silicon photonics have resulted in rapidly increasing complexity in integrated circuits. New methods that allow the direct characterization of individual optical components in situ, ...

Process devices operate when an input level, such as voltage, reaches the required value for the device to operate. The transistor is on, when the input voltage is greater than or equal to \(0.7 V\).

The scientists are going to show us how electrical energy flows around an electrical circuit. Title: Circuit symbols This is what a battery looks like as a circuit symbol. Electricity can travel ...

Use of buck-boost circuits in switching-regulator ICs. Considerations in level-shift circuit design. Switching regulators with internal level shifting. The magnitude of the negative voltage generated ...

As semiconductor manufacturers introduce new wireline transmission devices built on smaller CMOS geometries, more circuit protection challenges are emerging. This article explores five frequently ...