If you’ve seen cartridges with darkened brass around the shoulders and necks, that’s from annealing. Each time we fire a case, the grain structure of the brass gets slightly more brittle. We fire, ...

(The final steps of aluminum foil production usually consist of cold rolling followed by an annealing step that would result ... It is important to note that the grain structure of this sample was ...

The major factors affecting the performance of crystalline thin films are the presence of grain boundaries and inherent crystal structure. Post-deposition annealing is frequently employed to improve ...

Using insights from these experiments, a cyclic pulsed annealing method is developed, and it is shown that the desired grain structure is achieved in only a few seconds, without forming the surface ...

Researchers at Switzerland’s Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne have developed a low-temperature annealing method that maintains the structure of gold and silver when the two metals are ...